°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡
ÔÚÏÂÒ»·âÐÅÀÎÒÏ£ÍûÎÒÃÇÄÜһͬ·ÖÏíÎÄ»¯ÈںϵĿìÀÖ¡£ÎÒÒ²ºÜÏ£ÍûÃÀ¹úÈ˶¼ÄÜ¿´µ½ÖйúÖÐÑëµçÊǪ́¡£ÕâÑùÎÒÃǾͿÉÒÔ¼ÌÐøÖ±½ÓµØÁ˽âÄãÃÇÁË¡£
»¶Ó¸÷λ·ÃÎÊÎÒµÄÍøÕ¾£¬ÌýÌýÎÒÄÇЩÄÜ°ÑÊÀ½ç±äµÄ¸üÃÀºÃµÄ¹íµã×Ó£º£©
°ÍÀÄÉÀÕ²¼·ò½ÌÊÚ
Ү³´óѧ¹ÜÀíѧԺ
To¡¡Chenggang¬ðs¡¡friends
Here¡¡¡¡Yale¡¡we¡¡are¡¡very¡¡excited¡¡by¡¡the¡¡beginning¡¡of¡¡Rui¡¡Chenggang¬ðs¡¡blog¡£¡¡We¡¡were¡¡very¡¡fortune¡¡to¡¡h*e¡¡him¡¡as¡¡a¡¡distinguished¡¡Yale¡¡World¡¡Fellow¡£¡¡As¡¡one¡¡of¡¡his¡¡professors£»¡¡I¡¡know¡¡th¡¡he¡¡was¡¡a¡¡fast¡¡learner¡£¡¡We¡¡quickly¡¡learned¡¡th¡¡he¡¡was¡¡also¡¡a¡¡gre¡¡teacher¡£¡¡Gee¡¡Bernard¡¡Shaw¡¡said¡¡th¡¡the¡¡United¡¡Stes¡¡and¡¡England¡¡were¡¡two¡¡gre¡¡countries¡¡divided¡¡by¡¡a¡¡mon¡¡language¡£¡¡Even¡¡though¡¡we¡¡both¡¡speak¡¡English£»¡¡we¡¡often¡¡mean¡¡different¡¡things¡¡with¡¡the¡¡same¡¡words¡£¡¡This¡¡possibilities¡¡for¡¡misunderstanding¡¡are¡¡ten¡¡times¡¡greer¡¡in¡¡the¡¡dialog¡¡between¡¡the¡¡US¡¡and¡¡China¡£¡¡Chenggang¡¡taught¡¡us¡¡how¡¡even¡¡the¡¡most¡¡simple¡¡concepts¡¡bee¡¡misunderstood¡£¡¡For¡¡example£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡United¡¡Stes£»¡¡we¡¡transle¡¡Long¡¡into¡¡Dragon¡£¡¡For¡¡us£»¡¡a¡¡dragon¡¡is¡¡a¡¡fierce¡¡firebrehing¡¡animal¡¡th¡¡gets¡¡captures¡¡princesses¡¡and¡¡gets¡¡slain¡¡by¡¡knights¡¡in¡¡shining¡¡armor¡£¡¡It¡¡is¡¡generally¡¡speaking¡¡a¡¡feared¡¡and¡¡evil¡¡beast¡£¡¡But¡¡in¡¡Chinese£»¡¡the¡¡dragon¡¡is¡¡more¡¡like¡¡a¡¡snake£»¡¡carries¡¡a¡¡pearl£»¡¡and¡¡brings¡¡good¡¡luck¡£¡¡The¡¡same¡¡animal¡¡has¡¡an¡¡entirely¡¡different¡¡meaning¡£
Chenggang¡¡is¡¡in¡¡a¡¡unique¡¡position¡¡to¡¡help¡¡the¡¡Chinese¡¡understand¡¡the¡¡American¡¡people¡£¡¡His¡¡English¡¡is¡¡so¡¡polished¡¡and¡¡fluent£»¡¡we¡¡couldn¬ðt¡¡believe¡¡th¡¡he¡¡had¡¡never¡¡lived¡¡in¡¡the¡¡United¡¡Stes¡¡before¡¡his¡¡trip¡¡¡¡to¡¡Yale¡£¡¡His¡¡ability¡¡to¡¡rele¡¡to¡¡people¡¡allows¡¡them¡¡to¡¡open¡¡up¡¡to¡¡him¡¡and¡¡speak¡¡from¡¡their¡¡heart¡£¡¡He¡¡is¡¡able¡¡to¡¡understand¡¡not¡¡just¡¡their¡¡words¡¡but¡¡also¡¡their¡¡meanings¡£¡¡Thus¡¡you¡¡will¡¡h*e¡¡the¡¡privilege¡¡of¡¡learning¡¡about¡¡the¡¡regular¡¡folks¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Unites¡¡Stes¡¡not¡¡just¡¡the¡¡politicians£»¡¡millionaires£»¡¡and¡¡movie¡¡stars¡£¡¡And¡¡when¡¡he¡¡tells¡¡you¡¡about¡¡his¡¡time¡¡here£»¡¡you¡¡will¡¡know¡¡th¡¡he¡¡is¡¡transling¡¡the¡¡meaning£»¡¡not¡¡just¡¡the¡¡words¡£
°ÍÀï²ÓÀõÄ΢Ц£¨2£©
I¡¡want¡¡to¡¡end¡¡with¡¡another¡¡example¡¡of¡¡his¡¡being¡¡a¡¡gre¡¡teacher¡£¡¡This¡¡is¡¡a¡¡more¡¡personal¡¡story¡£¡¡My¡¡16year¡¡old¡¡daughter¡¡Rachel¡¡is¡¡studying¡¡Chinese¡£¡¡She¡¡had¡¡the¡¡opportunity¡¡to¡¡pete¡¡in¡¡the¡¡foreign¡¡language¡¡teachers¬ð¡¡poetry¡¡petition¡£¡¡Her¡¡poem¡¡was¡¡Yi¡¡Ju¡¡Hua¡¡by¡¡Wen¡¡Yi¡¡Duo¡£¡¡With¡¡Chenggang¬ðs¡¡tutoring£»¡¡she¡¡was¡¡able¡¡to¡¡understand¡¡not¡¡just¡¡the¡¡words£»¡¡but¡¡the¡¡meaning¡¡of¡¡this¡¡poem¡£¡¡He¡¡shares¡¡the¡¡credit¡¡for¡¡her¡¡¡¡first¡¡place¡¡result¡£¡¡I¡¡will¡¡try¡¡to¡¡set¡¡up¡¡a¡¡link¡¡so¡¡th¡¡you¡¡can¡¡hear¡¡her¡¡version¡£
In¡¡a¡¡future¡¡message£»¡¡I¡¡hope¡¡th¡¡we¡¡will¡¡be¡¡able¡¡to¡¡share¡¡with¡¡you¡¡some¡¡ideas¡¡about¡¡bringing¡¡our¡¡cultures¡¡together¡¡so¡¡th¡¡we¡¡make¡¡enjoy¡¡the¡¡best¡¡of¡¡both¡£¡¡I¡¡also¡¡hope¡¡th¡¡all¡¡Americans¡¡will¡¡h*e¡¡the¡¡opportunity¡¡to¡¡wch¡¡CCTV¡¡so¡¡th¡¡we¡¡can¡¡continue¡¡to¡¡learn¡¡about¡¡you¡¡£»¡¡please¡¡visit¡¡my¡¡website¡¡¡¡¡£¡¡
Barry¡¡Nalebuff
Milton¡¡Steinbach¡¡Professor
Yale¡¡School¡¡of¡¡Management
30¶øÀø
·ç±©Ö÷²¥Ë¼¿¼ÖйúÓëÊÀ½çµÚÒ»²¿·Ö¡¡µ±¶«·½Óöµ½Î÷·½ÎÒÓÚ20052006Äê¼äÔÚҮ³´óѧÉú»îºÍѧϰÁËÒ»Äê¡£ÕâÒ»ÄêÈÃÎҸıäÁ˺ܶࡣ
Ү³´óѧ´´½¨ÓÚ1701Ä꣬Êdz£´ºÌÙÁªÃ˳ÉÔ±£¬Ò²ÊÇÃÀ¹úµÚÈý¹ÅÀϵĴóѧ£»¹þ·ð´óѧʼ´´ÓÚ1636Ä꣬ÍþÁ®ÂêÀö´óѧ´´½¨ÓÚ1693Ä꣬Ȼºó¾ÍÊÇҮ³´óѧ¡£
Ү³´óѧÒÔÅàÑøÁìÐäÈËÎï¶øÎÅÃû¡£2001ÄêµÄ×Üͳ¾ºÑ¡±»ÈÏΪÊÇҮ³¹þ·ðÖ®Õù»òҮ³ÈËÖ®¼äµÄ½ÏÁ¿£¬ÒòΪ³ý¸ê¶ûÍ⣬ÆäÓàÈýλºòÑ¡ÈËÀû²®Âü¡¢²¼Ê²¡¢ÇÐÄáҪô±ÏÒµÓÚҮ³£¬ÒªÃ´´ÓҮ³ê¡Ñ§¡£×î½üÁ¬ÐøÈý½ì×Üͳ¶¼±ÏÒµÓÚҮ³´óѧ£¬ÕâµÄÈ·ÊÇÒ»¸öÆæ¼£¡£ÔÚÃÀ¹úÀúÊ·ÉÏÓÐÎåλ×Üͳ±ÏÒµÓÚҮ³´óѧ£ºµÚ27ÈÎ×ÜͳÍþÁ®¡¤»ô»ªµÂ¡¢µÚ38ÈÎ×Üͳ½ÜÀ¶ûµÂ¡¤¸£ÌØ¡¢µÚ41ÈÎ×ÜͳÇÇÖΡ¤²¼Ê²¡¢µÚ42ÈÎ×Üͳ±È¶û¡¤¿ËÁֶٺ͵Ú43ÈÎ×ÜͳÇÇÖΡ¤ÎÖ¿Ë¡¤²¼Ê²¡£ËùÒÔ£¬Ò®Â³´óѧ±»³Æ×ö¡°ÁìÐäµÄÒ¡Àº¡±Ò»µã¶¼²»Îª¹ý¡£
¡¡¡£¡£¡¡¡¡¡£¡£¡¡
Ү³ÊÀ½çѧÕ߼ƻ®
ÎÒºÍҮ³µÄÔµ·Ö×îÔçҪ׷Ëݵ½ÎÒµÄÉÙÄêʱ´ú¡£ÓÐÒ»Ä길Ç×´øÎÒµ½±±¾©²Î¹ÛÕ²ÌìÓÓ²©Îï¹Ý¡£ÔÚ³ÂÁÐչƷµÄ²£Á§¹ñÖÐÎÒ¿´µ½ÁËÒ»±¾Ê飬·âÃæÉÏд×Å¡°Yale¡¡University¡±£¬ÕâÊÇÎÒµÚÒ»´Î¡°½Ó´¥¡±Ò®Â³¡£
2005Ä꣬ÎÒÓÐÐÒÈëÑ¡¡°Ò®Â³ÊÀ½çѧÕ߼ƻ®¡±£¨The¡¡Yale¡¡World¡¡Fellow¡¡Program£©£¬Ò²³ÉΪÁËÀú½ì¡°Ò®Â³ÊÀ½çѧÕ߼ƻ®¡±³ÉÔ±ÖÐ×îÄêÇáµÄһλ¡£ÄÇÒ»Ä꣬²Î¼ÓÕâÒ»¼Æ»®µÄÓÐ18λ³ÉÔ±¡£¡°ÊÀ½çѧÕß¡±ÕýÈçÆäÃû³ÆËùʾ£¬À´×ÔÊÀ½ç¸÷¹ú£¬µ«Æä³ÉÔ±ÖдÓÀ´Ã»ÓÐÃÀ¹úÈË£¬À´²Î¼ÓÕâ¸ö¼Æ»®µÄ³ÉÔ±¶¼ÊDZ§×Å¡°¸Ä±äÊÀ½ç¡±µÄÐÄ̬À´µÄ¡£
Õâ18λ³ÉÔ±ÖвØÁúÎÔ»¢£¬ÓзÆÂɱöÇ°ÄÜÔ´²¿²¿³¤¡¢°ÍÄÃÂíǰóÒײ¿²¿³¤¡¢°Í¹þÂí¹«°²²¿²¿³¤¡¢ÄáÈÕÀûÑÇÂÉʦ¡¢Á¢ÌÕÍð×ÜͳµÄÊ×ϯĻÁÅÒÔ¼°½õºþº«ÑǼ¯Íŵļ̳ÐÈ˵ȡ£
Ү³´óѧ¼°ÆäУÓÑÃǶÔÊÀ½çѧÕ߼ƻ®µÄÖØÊӳ̶ÈÊÇÊ×ÇüÒ»Ö¸µÄ£¬Çã×¢ÁËÐí¶àÓ²¼þºÍÈí¼þµÄ×ÊÔ´¡£±ÈÈç˵£¬Ò®Â³ÊÀ½çѧÕßÃÇÓÐרÊôµÄ±ðÊû°ì¹«Â¥¡£ÕⶰÃÀÀöµÄÀÏ·¿×ÓÓм¸°ÙÄêÀúÊ·£¬ÔÊÇһλ¸»ºÀµÄ˽լ£¬ºóÄê¾ÃʧÐÞ£¬²¼Ê²×Üͳ×îºÃµÄ˽ÈËÅóÓÑ£¬Ò²ÊÇÔø¾µÄÉúÒâ»ï°éºÍҮ³±¾¿Æͬ°àͬѧÂÞÀ¼¡¤±´´Ä£¨Roland¡¡Betts£©Ò»¼Ò³ö×Ê°ÑËüÐÞÉÉÍê±Ï£¬¾è¸øÁËҮ³£¬ËùÒÔ½Ð×öBetts¡¡House¡£Õâ¿ÉÄÜÊÇȫҮ³×îÃÀµÄÒ»¶°·¿×Ó¡£Ò»Â¥ÊÇҮ³ȫÇò»¯ÖÐÐÄÒÔ¼°Ä«Î÷¸çÇ°×Üͳ£¬ÏÖÈÎÖÐÐÄÖ÷ÈÎÈûµÏÂÔ£¨Ernesto¡¡Zedillo£©µÄ°ì¹«ÊÒ£¬ËùÒÔ³£ÄêÓÐÄ«Î÷¸ç¾¯ÎÀÊØ»¤£¬Ò»Â¥»¹ÓÐÃÀÀöµÄͼÊé¹ÝºÍ¹ÅÉ«¹ÅÏãµÄ²ÍÌü¡£¶þÂ¥ºÍÈýÂ¥ÊÇҮ³ÊÀ½çѧÕߵİ칫ÊҺͻáÒéÊÒ¡£±ðÊû×øÂäÔÚɽÆÂÉÏ£¬¸ô±Ú¾ÍÊÇ×ÅÃûµÄҮ³ÉñѧԺ£¬±ðÊûÃÅÇ°ÃźóÓÐ×Å´ó²Ýƺ£¬µÚÒ»ÌìÀ´µÄʱºòÈÃÎÒÏëÆðºôХɽׯ¡£ÔÚҮ³£¬ÁíÒ»¸öÎÒ¾³£È¥µÄµØ·½¾ÍÊÇͼÊé¹Ý£¬ÄÇÊÇҮ³×îÉñÊ¥µÄµØ·½¡£Í¼Êé¹ÝÀïÓиöÑݽ²Ìã¬Ò®Â³±È½Ï×ÅÃûµÄÑݽ²¶¼ÔÚÄÇÀï½øÐУ¬¶øÇÒÿ¸öÐÇÆÚ¶¼ÓС£¼ÇµÃµ±Ê±ÎÒÑݽ²µÄÌâÄ¿ÊÇ¡¶ÖйúµÄáÈÆðÊDZ»¸ß¹ÀÁË»¹Êǵ͹ÀÁË¡·¡£Betts¡¡HouseҮ³ÊÀ½çѧÕߵĽÌѧ¥
¡¡txtС˵ÉÏ´«·ÖÏí
ÏòҮ³µÄ´óѧÉúÃǽéÉÜÖйú
¡°Ò®Â³ÊÀ½çѧÕ߼ƻ®¡±Éæ¼°µÄ¶¼ÊÇ×îÇ°ÑصÄϵÁÐÐÔÈ«Çò»¯ÒéÌ⣬Èç´óÕ½ÂÔ¡¢³ÇÊн¨É衢ȫÇò°¬×̲¡µÄ¿ØÖÆ¡¢ÄÜÔ´ºÍ»·±£¡¢Ë¾·¨¸Ä¸ï¡¢WTOóÒ׵ȡ£Ò®Â³¼¸ºõ¸÷ÃÅÖØҪѧ¿ÆµÄµîÌü¶½ÌÊÚÃǶ¼Ç××ÔÀ´¸øÎÒÃÇÊڿΣ¬ÆäÖаüÀ¨×ÅÃûµÄ¡¶´ó¹úµÄÐËË¥¡·£¨The¡¡Rise¡¡and¡¡Fall¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Gre¡¡Powers£©µÄ×÷Õß±£ÂÞ¡¤¿ÏÄáµÏ£¨Paul¡¡Kennedy£©¡£ËùÓпγ̶¼ÊÇÒÔÌÖÂÛ»áµÄ·½Ê½½øÐУ¬½ÌÊÚ×öÒ»¸ö¼ò¶Ì³ÂÊö£¬È»ºó´ó¼Ò¸÷Ê㼺¼û£¬ÒòΪѧÕßÀ´×Ô²»Í¬¹ú¼Ò£¬ÎÄ»¯±³¾°ºÍ³É³¤¾ÀúÒ²åÄÈ»²»Í¬£¬ËùÒÔ³£³£»á¼¤ÁÒµØÕùÂÛÆðÀ´£¬ÔÚÕùÂÛÖÐÅöײ¹Ûµã£¬»¥Ïàѧϰ¡£ÎÒºÍͬѧ³£³£ÔÚ¿ÎÉÏ»òÊÇÑݽ²µÄʱºò¼¤ÁÒ±çÂÛ£¬µ«Éú»îÖÐÈ´ºÜºÍÄÀÓѺá£ÔÚijЩÎÊÌâÉÏÎÞ·¨´ï³ÉÒ»Ö²¢²»»á·Á°ÎÒÃdzÉΪÏ໥×ðÖصÄÅóÓÑ¡£
ÅàÑøÊÀ½ç¼¶µÄÏÈ·æÈËÎ²»ÊÇ¿Õº°¿ÚºÅÄÇÑù¼òµ¥£¬¶øÊÇÂäʵÔڿγÌÈ«·½Î»µÄÉè¼ÆÖС£±ÈÈ磬ÿÖܶ¼»áÓÐһλÊÀ½ç¼¶µÄÕþ½ç»òÉ̽çÈËÎïÓëÎÒÃÇ×ø̸²¢¹²½øÍí²Í¡£Ò®Â³»¹ÎªÎÒÃÇ°²ÅÅÁËÐí¶àʵµØ¿¼²ì£¬±ÈÈçµ½»ªÊ¢¶Ù·ÃÎÊÃÀ¹ú×î¸ß·¨Ôº²¢Óë*¹Ù×ù̸£¬°Ý·Ã¹ú»áÒéÔ±£¬µ½Å¦Ô¼²Î¼ÓCEOÂÛ̳£¬µÈµÈ¡£
ÔÚȥҮ³֮ǰ£¬ÎÒÊǴӺܾÖÏ޵ĽǶȿ´ÖйúºÍÊÀ½çµÄ£»¶øҮ³µÄ¾ÀúʹÎÒÄܹ»Õ¾ÔÚ¡°ÊÀ½çÈË¡±µÄ½Ç¶È£¬¸üÇå³þµØÈÏʶµ½Ó¦¸ÃÔõÑùÈ¥ÏòÊÀ½ç½éÉÜÖйú£¬ÒÔ¼°Ôõô°ïÖúÖйú¡£
Ү³´óѧÓëÖйúºÍÖйúѧÉúÓÐ×Ų»½âÖ®Ôµ¡£ÔÚÊÀ½çѧÕßרÓõÄÂ¥Àһ²ãµÄÊé·¿ÖаڷÅ×ÅÒ»¸öÖйúÇàÄêÈ˵ÄÍÏñ¡£Ëû¾ÍÊÇҮ³´óѧÀúÊ·ÉϵĵÚһλÖйúÁôѧÉúÈÝãÈ¡£ÈÝãÈÓÚ1854Äê±ÏÒµÓÚҮ³£¬ËûÔÚҮ³Æڼ䣬²»½ö²Î¼ÓУºÏ³ªÍÅ¡¢´òéÏéÇò£¬»¹ÊÇ×ÅÃûµÄҮ³»®Í§¶ÓµÄ³ÉÔ±£¬²¢¶áµÃȫУӢÎÄÎÄѧ´ó½±¡£2006Äê4ÔÂ*Ö÷ϯ·ÃÃÀÆڼ䣬ÔÚҮ³´óѧÑݽ²Ê±»¹×¨ÃŽ²ÁËÈÝãÈÔÚҮ³µÄ¹ÊÊ¡£ºóÀ´ÈÝãÈÔÚѧ³É»Ø¹úºóÓÖÏȺó×éÖ¯ÖйúÇàÉÙÄêѧÉú¸°ÃÀÇóѧ£¬ÆäÖаüÀ¨Õ²ÌìÓÓµÈ20¶àλѧÉúÔÚҮ³ѧϰ¡£
ÎÒÿÌì¾¹ýÈÝãȵÄÍ·Ïñ£¬Ò»ÖÖÌØÊâµÄÇ×ÇÐÓë×ÔºÀ£¬ÓÍÈ»¶øÉú¡£
Ö±µ½½ñÌ죬ÖйúÁôѧÉúÔÚҮ³´óѧ¹ú¼ÊÑо¿ÉúѧÉúÖеıÈÖض¼Ï൱¿É¹Û£¬ÄѹÖҮ³У³¤À³ÎÄ»á˵£º¡°Ã»ÓÐÖйúѧÉú£¬Ò®Â³½«÷öȻʧɫ¡£¡±
¡¡¡£¡£¡¡¡¡¡£¡£¡¡
Ү³ʽµÄ½ÌÓýÖµµÃ½è¼ø£¨1£©
Ү³´óѧÊÇÃÀ¹úÖªÃûµÄ×ÛºÏÐÔ´óѧ£¬³ýÁ˱¾¿ÆÉú²¿ÓëÑо¿Éú²¿Í⣬»¹ÓµÓÐҽѧԺ¡¢·¨Ñ§Ôº¡¢ÉÌѧԺ¡¢ÒôÀÖѧԺµÈ¶àËùÒÔÅàÑø¸÷ÀàÖ°ÒµÈ˲ÅΪĿµÄµÄרҵѧԺ¡£ÖµµÃÒ»ÌáµÄÊÇ£¬Ò®Â³´óѧÊÇÃÀ¹úÃûÅÆ´óѧÖзdz£×¢Öر¾¿Æ½ÌÓýµÄÒ»ËùѧУ£¬ÕâÒ»µã´ÓѧУ¶Ô±¾¿Æ½ÌÓýµÄʦ×ÊͶÈë¾ÍÄÜ¿´µÄ³öÀ´¡£ÁíÍ⣬Ү³´óѧµÄ±¾¿Æ½ÌÓý±ü³ÐÁËÃÀ¹ú½ÌÓýÌåÖÆÖеĺܶ๲ÐÔ£¬±ÈÈ磺¶ÔѧÉú´´ÔìÐÔ¡¢¶ÀÁ¢Ë¼¿¼ÄÜÁ¦¡¢ÅúÅÐÐÔµÈËØÖʵÄ×ÅÖØÅàÑø¡£¶Ô´ËÎÒÉîÓÐÌå»á£¬ÒòΪÔÚҮ³ÎÒÆäʵÊÇË«ÖØÉí·Ý£¬Ò»ÖØÊÇѧÉú£¬Ò»ÖØÊÇÀÏʦ£¬ÎÒÒ²¸øҮ³µÄ±¾¿ÆÉúÊڿΡ£¸Õ¿ªÊ¼¸øѧÉúÉÏ¿Îʱ£¬±»ÈºÆð¶ø¹¥Ö®£¬×ÅʵÈÃÎÒºÃÒ»ÕóÕмܡ£
Ү³´«³ÐµÄ¸ßµÈ½ÌÓý·½Ê½½Ð×ö´óÎĿƽÌÓý£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇÈËÃǾ³£ËµµÄ¡°Liberal¡¡Arts¡¡Educion¡±£¬Õâ¸öÊÇÖйú·Ç³£È±Éٵġ£±±¾©´óѧ´´Á¢Ö®³õ²ÉÓõľÍÊÇÕâÖÖ·½Ê½¡£´óÎĿƽÌÓý¾ÍÊǵ»¯±¾¿ÆÉúרҵµÄÉ«²Ê£¬¾¡Á¿ÉæÁÔ£¬´ÓÎ÷°àÑÀÓïµ½ÖйúÎÄ»¯£¬´ÓÒôÀÖÏ·¾çµ½ÈËÎÄÉç»áѧ¡£ÎÒ½Ó´¥¹ýµÄҮ³ѧÉú£¬½ñÌìÍíÉÏѧÖйú¹Å´ú»æ»Ê·£¬Ã÷ÌìÍíÉÏѧ¸çÌؽ¨Öþ£¬ÍêÈ«°Ñ×Ô¼º·ÅÔÚÈËÀàÎÄÃ÷µÄÐǹâϽþȾ£¬È»ºóÔÙÑ¡Ôñ×Ô¼ºµÄÐËȤËùÔÚ¡£ÖйúѧÉú¼ûµ½ÃÀ¹úѧÉú¾³£ÎʵÄÒ»¸öÎÊÌâ¾ÍÊÇ£¬ÄãµÄרҵÊÇʲô£¬¶øÃÀ¹úѧÉúÖ®¼äÈ´ºÜÉÙÕâÑùÎÊ¡£±¾¿ÆʱÆÚѧʲô¿Î³ÌÖ»²»¹ýÊÇѧÉú¸öÈ˵ÄÐËȤ°®ºÃ£¬¾¹ýÈýËÄÄêÒÔºó£¬Óиö¹ã·ºµÄ»ýÀÛ£¬Ò²¾Í×ÔÈ»ÓÐÁËÒ»¸ö´ó¸ÅµÄרҵ·½Ïò£¬±ÈÈçÍê³É±¾¿Æѧҵºó£¬ÔÙ×¼±¸Ñ¡ÔñÒ»ÃÅרҵ½øÒ»²½ÉîÔì¡£
¸üÄÑÄܿɹóµÄ£¬ÊÇҮ³´óѧ¸ø±¾¿ÆѧÉúÌṩµÄ×ÊÔ´¡£¾ÍËãÊÇÒ»¸ö³õÈëѧµÄ±¾¿ÆÉú£¬Ò²¿ÉÒÔÌýµ½Ïñ±£ÂÞ¡¤¿ÏÄáµÏÕâÑùһλ¿ÉÒÔ×óÓÒÃÀ¹úÕþ̳µÄ¡¢Ì©¶·¼¶½ÌÊڵĽ²¿Î¡£ÕâÒ»µãÊÇÆäËûÐí¶àµÄÃûÅÆ´óѧ¶¼×ö²»µ½µÄ¡£Í¨³£µÄÇé¿öÊÇ×ÅÃûµÄ½ÌÊÚÖ»´øÑо¿Éú£¬¾ÍÏñÖйú´ó¶àÊý¸ßУһÑù¡£¶øÇÒҮ³µÄ±¾¿Æ¶¼ÊÇС°àÉϿΣ¬ÊÀ½çÖªÃûµÄѧÕ߾͡°Ëźò¡±ÄÇÊ®¼¸¶þÊ®¼¸¸ö±¾¿ÆÉú£¬Ê¦ÉúÖ®¼ä¿ÉÒÔ³ä·ÖµØ»¥¶¯ÌÖÂÛ¡£
ÁíÍ⣬Ү³ÔÚѧÊõÉϵĿíÈÝÒ²ÊÇÖµµÃÎÒÃǽè¼øµÄ¡£Öйú»áÓкܶàѧÕßÒ»Æð¹¥»÷Ò»¸öѧÕßµÄÇé¿ö¡£ÔÚҮ³µÄʱºò£¬ÎÒÇ×ÑÛ¿´µ½ºÜ¶à±¾¿ÆѧÉúÔÚ´óʦ¿ÏÄáµÏµÄ¿ÎÉÏ·¢ÑÔ˵ËûµÄ¹Ûµã²»¶Ô£¬¿ÏÄáµÏ½ÌÊÚÒ²»áÈÄÓÐÐËȤµØÌýËûÃÇÀíÂÛ£¬»ò¼ÓÈëÌÖÂÛ¡£Äã¿ÉÒÔ²»ÔÞ³ÉÎҵĹ۵㣬µ«ÊÇÎÒ×ðÖØÄã·¢ÑÔµÄ×ÔÓÉ¡£
Ү³´óѧÓÐÖÚ¶àרҵѧԺ£¬ÆäÖÐ×î×ÅÃûµÄ¾ÍÊÇҮ³·¨Ñ§Ôº¡£ÕâÀïÔø¾ÅàÑø¹ýÎåλÃÀ¹ú×Üͳ¡£ÎҵĺÃÅóÓÑղķ˹ÔøÔÚҮ³·¨Ñ§Ôº¾Í¶Á£¬ËûÒ²ÏòÎÒ½éÉܹýºÜ¶à¹ØÓÚҮ³±¾¿ÆºÍ·¨Ñ§ÔºµÄÇé¿ö£¬¶ÔÎÒÃǵĸߵȽÌÓýÓкܶàÆô·¢¡£
Ö®ËùÒÔÄÃҮ³·¨Ñ§ÔºÍ¬Æä±¾¿Æ½ÌÓý½øÐбȽϣ¬ÊÇÒòΪ·¨Ñ§Ôº½ÌÓýͬ±¾¿Æ½ÌÓýÖ®¼äµÄ¿É±ÈÐÔºÜÇ¿¡£»»¾ä»°Ëµ£¬·¨Ñ§ÔºµÄ½ÌÓýģʽ±È½Ï½Ó½ü±¾¿ÆµÄ´óÎĿƽÌÓýģʽ¡£´ÓѧÉúµÄÌôÑ¡À´¿´£¬Á½Ëù»ú¹¹¾ù²»ÏÞÖƱ¨¿¼È˵ÄѧÊõÒÔ¼°×¨Òµ±³¾°£¬È«ÃÀÈκÎÒ»Ëù¸ßÖÐÓ¦½ì±ÏÒµÉú¾ù¿É±¨¿¼Ò®Â³´óѧµÄ±¾¿Æ¡£Ò®Â³·¨Ñ§ÔºËäÈ»ÊÇÒ»ËùרҵѧԺ£¬µ«Ò²²»ÏÞÖÆÆ俼ÉúµÄרҵ±³¾°£¬ÈκδóѧµÄ±¾¿Æ±ÏÒµÉú¾ù¿É±¨¿¼¡£
´Ó½ÌÓýÐÎʽÉÏÀ´¿´£¬·¨Ñ§ÔºÒ²Í¬±¾¿ÆÉú²¿ÓкܶàÏàËÆÖ®´¦¡£±ÈÈ磬·¨Ñ§Ôº¸øÓèѧÉú×î´óµÄÑ¡¿Î×ÔÓÉ£¬³ýÁ˵ÚһѧÆÚ±ØÐëÉÏËÄÃűØÐÞ¿ÆÄ¿Ö®Í⣬ÆäÓàµÄѧÆÚÈ«²¿ÉÏÑ¡Ð޿Ρ£´ÓÊڿεÄÄÚÈÝÓ뷽ʽÀ´¿´£¬·¨Ñ§ÔºµÄ¿Î³ÌÒªÇóѧÉúÔĶÁ´óÁ¿µÄÎÄ×Ö£¬²»ÊÇһζµØ¹àÊä֪ʶ£¬¶øÊÇÈÃѧÉúͨ¹ý¶ÔÎÊÌâµÄÉîÈëÌÖÂÛÀ´ÍêÉÆ×Ô¼ºµÄ֪ʶ½á¹¹£¬¶øÕâЩҲȫ¶¼ÊÇ´óÎÄ¿ÆËù³«µ¼µÄ¡£Ò®Â³´óѧµÄͼÊé¹ÝÊÇÃÀ¹úУ԰ͼÊé¹ÝÖÐ×î´óµÄ£¬Ò²ÊÇÊÕ²ØͼÊé×î¶àµÄ¡£Êé°ü¡¡Íø¡¡¡£¡¡¡¡¡£¡£¡¡¡¡Ïë¿´ÊéÀ´
Ү³ʽµÄ½ÌÓýÖµµÃ½è¼ø£¨2£©
µ«±¾¿ÆÉú²¿ºÍ·¨Ñ§ÔºµÄ½ÌÓýÄ¿±êÊDz»Í¬µÄ¡£±¾¿ÆµÄ½ÌѧĿµÄÊÇ°ÑѧÉúÅ