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f the nearness of the army of Liu Bei； refused battle and turned sway from the city。
Liu Bei's army made a dash for two stockades； but when Zhang Ren came along the by…road； and the other three defenders of the city came on； the stockades could not be held； and Liu Bei's army had to retire。 Now fighting and now marching； the army of Liu Bei strove hard to reach River Fu Pass； but Zhang Ren pressed close。 However； Liu Feng and Guan Ping came up； and not only drove back the pursuers but chased them some seven miles。 Finally； Liu Bei and his troops reached the Pass； weary and dispirited。 His son and nephew returned from the pursuit with many horses they had captured from the flying enemy。 However； nothing had been gained and the victory lay rather with the army of the West River Land。
Liu Bei sent to inquire about Pang Tong。 One of the fugitives from the army finally reached River Fu Pass and told Liu Bei of the sad news………man and horse wounded to death。 Liu Bei turned his face to the west and mourned bitterly。
Although the body of the slain leader lay far away； they instituted sacrifice to call the spirit； and all the generals keened for him。
Then said Huang Zhong； 〃Now that our leader is no more； certainly the enemy will return to attack the Pass。 What is to be done？ I think we had better send to Jingzhou for Zhuge Liang and get him to lay plans for getting possession of the West River Land。〃
And even then came in one to say that the enemy under Zhang Ren had e and were now offering a challenge at the rampart。
Huang Zhong and Wei Yan wished to go forth to fight； but Liu Bei disapproved； saying； 〃We have suffered a severe check； and the soldiers are low…spirited。 Let us rather remain on the defensive until the Directing Instructor can arrive。〃
Huang Zhong and Wei Yan made no objection； but set themselves to guard the Pass most vigilantly； while a letter was written to Zhuge Liang and sent by the hand of Guan Ping。 He set forth at once； and Liu Bei gave himself up to holding the Pass。
In Jingzhou； it was the seventh day of the seventh moon； and in the evening Zhuge Liang invited his officers to a banquet。 Conversation turned toward the enterprise in the West River Land。 Suddenly a large and brilliant meteor appeared falling in the west； illuminating the whole sky。 It so disturbed the host that he dashed his wine cup to the ground； covered his face； and burst into tears。
〃Alas！ Alas！〃
The guests eagerly asked him why he wept。
Zhuge Liang replied； 〃I knew by my calculations that the bowl of the Dipper would be in the west at this season and that the auspices would be unfavorable to leaders of armies； and lo！ the Heavens have gone against our army。 When Venus was about to stand over Luocheng； I wrote to our lord warning him to be very cautious。 I never contemplated the falling of the star this evening。 Now Pang Tong is no more。〃
Again he fell to weeping。 〃My lord has lost an arm！〃 moaned he。
The guests were rather disturbed； but they only half believed that such a misfortune had happened。
〃We shall hear the sad news in a very few days；〃 said Zhuge Liang。
The banquet ended sadly enough； and the guests went their ways。 A few days later； while Zhuge Liang was sitting with Guan Yu and a few others； they reported the arrival of Guan Ping with letters from the west。 When the letters were opened； they knew that Pang Tong had fallen the same evening that the meteor had appeared。
Zhuge Liang wailed； and the others wept with him。
Then Zhuge Liang said； 〃I must go to help our lord。 He is hemmed in at the Pass and cannot move。〃
〃If you go away； who will guard this region？〃 asked Guan Yu。 〃It is of very great importance。〃
〃Our lord has not written plainly； but I know what was in his mind。〃 Then he showed the letter to the others and said； 〃Provision for the defense of this region is laid upon me； and I am to find one equal to the task。 I read the letter to mean that he desires Guan Yu to undertake the defense； and I know that Guan Yu will do it for the sake of the pledge taken long ago in the Peach Garden。 The task is no light one。〃
Guan Yu accepted without hesitation or thought of excuse。 A special banquet was prepared at which the seal was to be handed over to him。
〃All the future rests with you； General；〃 said Zhuge Liang as he raised the symbol of office to place it in the hands of the mander。
〃When a person of honor accepts such a task； he is only released by death；〃 replied Guan Yu。
But that ill…omened word 〃death〃 displeased Zhuge Liang； and even then he would have retracted but that Guan Yu's word had gone forth。 Zhuge Liang went on。
〃Now if Cao Cao attack what is to be done？〃 said Zhuge Liang。
〃Repel him with all my strength。〃
〃But if Cao Cao and Sun Quan attack you together； what then？〃
〃Fight both； half my force against each。〃
Zhuge Liang said； 〃In that case； Jingzhou would be in danger。 I will give you my advice in a few words； and if you remember them the region is safe。〃
〃What are these few words？〃 asked Guan Yu。
〃North； fight Cao Cao； south； ally with Sun Quan。〃
〃These words； O mander； are engraved on my heart。〃
Thereupon the seal was placed in his hands。 Zhuge Liang also appointed tried and worthy people to assist the new mander。 Guan Yu's civil staff included Ma Liang； Mi Zhu； and Yi Ji； and on military side； he was assisted by Mi Fang； Liao Hua； Guan Ping； and Zhou Cang。
This done； Zhuge Liang began to prepare for his march to the River Lands。 Zhang Fei； with ten thousand troops； was sent to fight his way into the country west of Bazhou and Luocheng； and he was to go with all speed。 The earlier he got through； the greater merit would be his。 Zhao Yun was to lead a force up the Great River and make a junction at Luocheng。 Zhuge Liang； with his own body of fifteen thousand troops； would follow。
Among those who followed Zhuge Liang were Jian Yong and one Jiang Wan。 Jiang Wan was a noted scholar from Lingling； and he held the office of Secretary。
Zhuge Liang and Zhang Fei set out the same day。
Just before leaving； the Directing Instructor said to Zhang Fei； 〃Do not think lightly of the soldiers of Yizhou； for there are many mighty warriors among them。 On the march restrain your soldiers from plunder and license lest the ordinary people be against us。 Wherever you halt； be passionate and kindly and do not give way to anger and flog your soldiers。 I shall expect you to reach Luocheng very soon。〃
Zhang Fei joyously mounted and left。 He marched rapidly； and on the way all places that surrendered suffered nothing whatever。
When they drew near the county of Bazhou； the scouts of West River Land sent out by the Governor of that place informed their master； Yan Yan。 This Yan Yan was one of the famous generals of Yizhou； and even then； although he was rather old； he had lost none of his boldness and could still pull the stiffest bow and wield the heaviest sword。
Being so famous； Yan Yan was not the man to surrender at the first approach of an enemy。 So when Zhang Fei came near； he cautiously encamped about three miles from the city。 Thence he sent a messenger to summon the Governor to surrender。
Zhang Fei said； 〃Tell the old fool to give in； or I will trample down his walls and leave no soul alive。〃
Yan Yan had never favored inviting Liu Bei into Yizhou。
When he had first heard of the Imperial Protector's intention； he said； 〃This is like calling a tiger to protect a person when that person is alone on a bare hill side。〃
When he heard of the seizure of River Fu Pass； he was very angry and offered again and again to lead an army and drive out the aggressors。 He had feared that his city would be attacked along this very road； so he had prepared his army； and when Zhang Fei's message came； he mustered them； five thousand or so； to oppose him。
Then a certain person said to Yan Yan； 〃You must be careful how you oppose a man who by the mere sound of his voice scared the many legions of Cao Cao at Long Slope Bridge。 Even Cao Cao himself was careful to keep out of his way。 Your safety is in defense； lying behind your ramparts and within your deep moats till hunger shall have vanquished your enemies。 This Zhang Fei has a very violent temper。 If he is provoked； he vents his anger in flogging his soldiers。 If you avoid battle； he will be irritated； and his cruelty to his soldiers will cause them to mutiny。 Then you can attack and will succeed。〃
Yan Yan thought the advice good。 He therefore resolved only to defend； and he set all his soldiers on the walls。 When one of Zhang Fei's soldiers came up to the gate and shouted for them to open； Yan Yan gave orders to open the gate and admit the man。 When the soldier had e within； he gave the submission demand as has been related before。
But the Governor was exceedingly angry and said； 〃Fool that you are！ How dare you speak thus to me？ Think you that I； General Yan Yan； will surrender to such as him。 By your mouth indeed will I send a message。〃
Then Yan Yan bade the executioner cut off the man's ears and nose。 And thus mutilated he returned to Zhang Fei。 When Zhang Fei heard of it； his wrath boiled up and he cursed the defender of the city。 Grinding his teeth and glaring with rage； he put on his armor； mounted his steed； and went up close to the walls with a few mounted follo